This pada completes the third chapter by bringing together the teachings on meditation and spiritual practice, and by clarifying how knowledge of Brahman leads to liberation. It emphasises that meditation must mature into direct realisation, where the seeker recognises their identity with Brahman.
A central discussion concerns the continuity of meditation until the moment of death. The sutras explain that steadfast contemplation throughout life ensures that the knowledge of Brahman remains firm and effective. Such sustained awareness determines the final state of the soul and its freedom from rebirth.
The pada also examines the state of the knower of Brahman at death and beyond. It explains that one who has attained true knowledge does not return to worldly existence but reaches the highest state, free from all limitation and suffering. This is not a movement to a place, but the realisation of one’s true nature as Brahman.
Another important theme is the distinction between partial knowledge and complete realisation. While meditative practices and symbolic knowledge have value, only direct and immediate knowledge of Brahman leads to final liberation. Thus, all practices ultimately aim at this highest understanding.
Overall, this pada concludes the section on spiritual discipline by showing that consistent meditation, supported by knowledge, culminates in liberation. It affirms that the highest goal of life is the direct realisation of Brahman, beyond all forms, symbols, and limitations.
Original Text